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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Zhe Li1, Danielle Marion2, Jessica Blair3

  • 1University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

N-terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-pro BNP) levels, a marker of atrial cardiopathy, improve dementia risk prediction beyond traditional vascular risk factors. This aids in early dementia screening and prevention before atrial fibrillation onset.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia linked to dementia.
  • Atrial cardiopathy, characterized by atrial remodeling, is independently associated with dementia, even without AF.
  • Existing dementia risk models may not fully capture AF-related risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a dementia risk prediction model incorporating atrial cardiopathy markers.
  • To assess the added value of atrial cardiopathy markers over traditional vascular risk factors (CHA2DS2-VASc).
  • To explore dementia risk prediction in the context of subclinical atrial changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 3,608 Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants with MRI and cognitive testing (1992-1994).
  • Included markers of left atrial cardiopathy: left atrial dimension, p-wave terminal in lead V1 (PTFV1), and N-Terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-pro BNP).
  • Developed prediction models following TRIPOD guidelines, comparing models with and without atrial cardiopathy markers.

Main Results:

  • During 7.6 years of follow-up, 322 participants developed dementia.
  • Higher NT-pro BNP levels correlated with increased cumulative incidence of dementia.
  • NT-pro BNP and PTFV1 improved dementia prediction model fit, particularly in females; NT-pro BNP improved fit in males compared to CHA2DS2-VASc.

Conclusions:

  • NT-pro BNP levels enhance dementia risk prediction compared to the CHA2DS2-VASc score alone.
  • These findings support NT-pro BNP as a valuable indicator for atrial cardiopathy in dementia risk assessment.
  • The results suggest potential for early dementia screening and prevention strategies targeting subclinical atrial changes before AF diagnosis.