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Non-linear model predictive control for variable speed hydropower.

Tajana Nepal1,2, Tommy Sneltvedt3, Choukha Ram3

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, IT and Cybernetics, University of South Eastern Norway, Porsgrunn, 3917, Norway. tnepa@usn.no.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Variable Speed Hydropower Plants (VSHP) can provide synthetic inertia to modern grids. Advanced Non-Linear Model Predictive Control (NLMPC) offers superior control for VSHP grid support compared to traditional methods.

Keywords:
Ancillary servicesControl vectorCoordinated controlModel based controlPrediction horizonStatesVirtual inertia

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Area of Science:

  • Power Systems Engineering
  • Control Theory
  • Renewable Energy Integration

Background:

  • Inverter Based Resources (IBR) are decreasing grid inertia.
  • Hydropower Plants traditionally provide essential grid inertia.
  • Variable Speed Hydropower Plants (VSHP) offer enhanced efficiency and flexibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement and evaluate Non-Linear Model Predictive Controller (NLMPC) for VSHP grid support.
  • To compare NLMPC performance against classical PID control.
  • To analyze the robustness and constraint handling of NLMPC in VSHP control.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of NLMPC for optimal control of VSHP.
  • Comparison with classical PID control under realistic operating conditions.
  • Analysis of multi-objective optimization and upstream constraint satisfaction.

Main Results:

  • NLMPC successfully coordinated hydraulic and electric systems with different time constants.
  • NLMPC demonstrated superior performance over PID, especially during grid disturbances.
  • NLMPC ensured stable operation despite computational complexity.

Conclusions:

  • NLMPC is a viable and advanced control strategy for VSHP grid support.
  • Model-based optimal control can effectively coordinate complex VSHP dynamics.
  • NLMPC offers robust grid support, addressing overloads and uncertainties.