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Clinical Manifestations.

Aryan Verma1,2, Junyeon Won2,3, Tsubasa Tomoto2,3

  • 1University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated arterial stiffness may worsen cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment by altering brain connectivity. Addressing vascular health is crucial for preventing cognitive decline in aging populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Elevated central arterial stiffness is a known risk factor for amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and dementia.
  • The precise mechanisms linking vascular health to cognitive decline in aMCI patients are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between central arterial stiffness, default mode network functional connectivity (DMN-FC), and cognitive function in individuals with aMCI.
  • To explore potential mediating roles of DMN-FC in the association between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving cognitively normal adults and patients diagnosed with aMCI (aged 55-80).
  • Central arterial stiffness measured using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and carotid β-stiffness index.
  • Default mode network functional connectivity (DMN-FC) assessed via resting-state fMRI, with the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) as the seed.
  • Cognitive function evaluated using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST).

Main Results:

  • Higher carotid β-stiffness index was associated with worse performance on the CVLT and WCST in the aMCI group.
  • Increased DMN-FC between the PCC and right precentral gyrus (PcG) correlated with poorer CVLT scores in aMCI patients.
  • DMN-FC between the PCC and right PcG significantly mediated the link between higher carotid β-stiffness index and impaired CVLT performance in the aMCI group.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated central arterial stiffness may negatively impact cognitive performance in aMCI patients by altering DMN functional connectivity.
  • These DMN alterations might represent compensatory mechanisms in response to vascular changes.
  • Maintaining vascular health is vital for preventing or delaying cognitive decline, particularly in aging individuals at risk for dementia.