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Clinical Manifestations.

Richard C Gershon1, Elizabeth M Dworak1, Jiwon Kim2

  • 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New Spanish cognitive tests in the Mobile Toolbox (MTB) enhance Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) research for Spanish speakers. These culturally sensitive measures support early diagnosis and risk factor identification in diverse populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Cognitive Psychology: Focus on developing and validating cognitive assessment tools.
  • Gerontology: Addressing cognitive health and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) in aging populations.
  • Health Informatics: Utilizing technology for remote study management and data collection.

Background:

  • Limited availability of Spanish-language cognitive assessments for large-scale studies, particularly in older adults.
  • Critical need for culturally inclusive measures to facilitate early diagnosis and identify modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD).
  • The Mobile Toolbox (MTB) offers brief, sensitive neurological and behavioral function measures, integrated with REDCap and MyCap for remote research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce newly developed Spanish cognitive tests within the Mobile Toolbox (MTB).
  • Present calibration study results for the Spanish Word Meaning test.
  • Demonstrate the platform's utility for cognitive research in Spanish-speaking populations.

Main Methods:

  • Adaptation of seven English MTB cognitive measures into Spanish by native speakers, with culturally sensitive stimulus updates.
  • Development of a Spanish Word Meaning item bank using a calibration study of 1,620 Spanish-speaking adults.
  • Utilized the Rasch model for the Spanish Word Meaning test to ensure consistency with the English version.

Main Results:

  • The MTB now includes Spanish cognitive tests for language, executive functioning, associative memory, episodic memory, working memory, and processing speed.
  • The Spanish Word Meaning test calibration refined the item bank, removing 88 poorly fitting items, resulting in 515 items.
  • Difficulty parameters for the Spanish Word Meaning test ranged from -1.896 to 2.074, calibrated using the Rasch model.

Conclusions:

  • The MTB effectively addresses challenges in cognitive assessment through technological and measurement advancements.
  • The platform is suitable for diverse research settings, including large-scale, clinical, and pharmaceutical studies.
  • Availability of English and Spanish tests enhances the MTB's capacity to support research with diverse populations, aiding ADRD research.