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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Rory Boyle1, Hao Xu2, Katheryn A Q Cousins2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

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|December 25, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Black adults show accelerated epigenetic aging compared to White adults, linked to lower Aβ42/Aβ40 levels, suggesting a potential racial disparity in Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and aging research
  • Neurodegenerative disease biomarkers
  • Racial disparities in health

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated accelerated epigenetic aging in Black individuals, associated with cognitive decline.
  • The relationship between epigenetic aging disparities and Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial disparities in epigenetic aging between Black and White adults.
  • To determine the association between accelerated epigenetic aging and AD plasma biomarkers in a diverse clinical cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 618 participants (aged 50+) from the Penn Medicine Biobank.
  • Assessed epigenetic aging using DunedinPACE from DNA methylation data.
  • Measured plasma biomarkers of AD, including p-tau217 and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratios.

Main Results:

  • Black adults exhibited significantly accelerated epigenetic aging (DunedinPACE) compared to White adults, independent of age and sex.
  • Accelerated aging was negatively associated with Aβ42/Aβ40 levels, indicating higher amyloid burden.
  • A marginal interaction suggested this association might be stronger in Black adults.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic aging is accelerated in Black adults relative to White adults and is associated with lower Aβ42/Aβ40 levels.
  • The association between epigenetic aging and AD biomarkers may be stronger in Black adults.
  • Further research with more representative datasets is needed to validate these findings and improve generalizability.