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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Yang Lü1, Ming Chen1, Wenbo Zhang1

  • 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals distinct prefrontal cortex functional connectivity patterns in normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. Left dorsolateral PFC connectivity is crucial for cognitive impairment, with specific regions like BA45.R distinguishing mild impairment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Investigating neural network connectivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is crucial for understanding cognitive decline.
  • Differentiating between normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is essential for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in the PFC across NC, MCI, and AD groups using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
  • To explore the relationship between PFC FC and cognitive sub-domains in these groups.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fNIRS was used on 328 participants (78 NC, 121 MCI, 129 AD).
  • Functional connectivity between Brodmann areas (BAs) was analyzed.
  • Multivariate logistic and linear regressions examined associations between cognitive domains and FC.

Main Results:

  • Alzheimer's disease patients showed higher mean HbO2 levels in the PFC compared to NC and MCI groups.
  • Significant differences in FC strength were found between groups in several BA pairs, including BA46.L-BA45.R and BA9.L-BA1.L.
  • FC strength in BA45.R was key in distinguishing MCI from NC, particularly within the first 2-3 minutes of the resting state.

Conclusions:

  • Resting-state PFC FC strength varies significantly across different cognitive levels.
  • Left dorsolateral PFC regions (BA46.L, BA9.L) are critical indicators of cortical dysfunction in cognitive impairment.
  • Specific time windows and BA regions, like BA45.R, are important for identifying early cognitive changes.