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Clinical Manifestations.

Abhishek Mensegere Lingegodwa1, Albert Stezin1, Jonas S Sundarakumar1

  • 1Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) scores predict increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older Indian adults. Early identification of high-risk individuals is crucial for timely intervention to prevent cognitive decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) risk score is a validated tool for dementia risk prediction.
  • Midlife cardiovascular risk factors are associated with later-life cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between high-risk CAIDE score group membership and the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • To assess the predictive value of the CAIDE score for MCI development in older Indian adults.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the TATA Longitudinal Study of Aging.
  • Categorization of participants into high-risk (>9) and low-risk (≤9) CAIDE score groups.
  • Binary logistic regression to determine the odds of developing MCI (CDR=0.5) after one year, with CAIDE score as both a categorical and continuous variable.

Main Results:

  • 48 (3.5%) of 939 participants developed MCI within one year.
  • High-risk CAIDE group membership significantly increased MCI odds (OR=2.58, p=0.004).
  • Each one-point increase in CAIDE score raised MCI odds by 33% (Exp β=1.33, p<0.001).
  • High-risk individuals who did not develop MCI performed worse on ACE total scores.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with high CAIDE scores face an elevated risk of developing MCI.
  • Findings suggest shared pathophysiological links between cardiovascular disease and cognitive health.
  • Emphasizes the need for early detection and intervention for individuals at risk of both cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline.