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Clinical Manifestations.

Rafi Haddad1,2, Rachel Ben-Hayun2,3, Andjelika Milicic4

  • 1Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Arabs in Israel reported more cognitive symptoms than Jews, particularly in executive function. Increased physical activity was linked to fewer cognitive complaints, highlighting exercise

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Arabs in Israel face higher mortality from cerebrovascular disease and increased prevalence of vascular cognitive impairment compared to Jews.
  • This study addresses cognitive disparities between community-dwelling Arabs and Jews with similar cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cognitive differences between Arab and Jewish populations in Israel.
  • To investigate the relationship between cerebrovascular risk factors, cognitive symptoms, and performance on cognitive assessments.
  • To explore the impact of physical activity on cognitive health within these populations.

Main Methods:

  • 115 participants (59 Arabs, 56 Jews) without known cognitive impairment but with at least one CVRF were enrolled.
  • Participants completed a cognitive symptoms questionnaire and underwent the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Tablet-based Cognitive Assessment Tool (TabCAT) Brain Health Assessment (BHA) battery.
  • Clinical characteristics and physical activity levels were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A higher proportion of Arabs (68%) reported cognitive symptoms compared to Jews (32%) (p=0.007).
  • Participants with cognitive symptoms performed worse on an executive function task (Match) (p=0.002).
  • Greater physical activity was associated with fewer reported cognitive symptoms (p=0.01).

Conclusions:

  • The majority of individuals reporting cognitive symptoms in this community screening were Arabs.
  • Poorer executive function in those with cognitive symptoms suggests potential underdiagnosed cognitive disorders.
  • Increased physical activity is crucial for supporting brain health and reducing cognitive complaints.