Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A case-control study examining the relationship between social cognition and post-traumatic stress disorder.

BJPsych open·2026

Same author

Corrigendum to "Fornix subdivisions and spatial learning: a diffusion MRI study" [Neuropsychologia 222, 15 February 2026, 109350].

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same author

Variance in the Variants: A Comparison of the Symptomatology of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Wales, February 2020-July 2022.

Journal of medical virology·2025

Same author

Mapping hippocampal-cerebellar functional connectivity across the human adult lifespan.

Communications biology·2025

Same author

Individual differences in experiential diversity shape event segmentation granularity.

iScience·2025

Same author

Genomic epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Wales.

Scientific reports·2025

Same journal

Identifying Networks within an fMRI Multivariate Searchlight Analysis.

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same journal

Modulating sentence comprehension in people with aphasia through anodal tDCS: A double-blind randomized cross-over study.

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same journal

Deficient processing of regularity violations during visuospatial neglect: a visual mismatch negativity study.

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same journal

Seeing is believing: mental imagery amplifies moral, emotional, and motivational responding to mentally constructed hypothetical events.

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same journal

From Past Recall to Future Projection: What Does Verb Tense Production Reveal About Mental Time Travel in Alzheimer's disease?

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same journal

Eye Movement Measures of Word-Level and Text-Level Fluency in Disordered Reading: A Comparison of Schizophrenia and Dyslexia.

Neuropsychologia·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Fornix subdivisions and spatial learning: a diffusion MRI study.

Carl J Hodgetts¹, Mark Postans², Angharad N Williams³

¹Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK; Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.

Neuropsychologia

|December 25, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The pre-commissural fornix, a key brain pathway, is crucial for spatial learning. Its microstructure, measured by fractional anisotropy (FA), correlates with how quickly individuals learn navigation tasks.

Keywords:

Diffusion MRI Fornix Hippocampus Prefrontal cortex Spatial memory Structural connectivity Virtual reality (VR) navigation

More Related Videos

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroimaging

Background:

The fornix is a major white matter tract connecting the hippocampus to other brain regions.
Previous studies indicate the fornix is vital for episodic and spatial memory.
Specific fornix connections supporting spatial memory remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of specific fornix sub-regions in spatial learning.
To correlate in vivo fornix microstructure with performance in a spatial navigation task.

Main Methods:

Used diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and deterministic tractography.
Reconstructed pre-commissural and post-commissural fornix in healthy young adults.
Assessed spatial learning using a virtual reality Morris water maze analogue.

Main Results:

Inter-individual differences in pre-commissural fornix microstructure (FA) correlated with spatial learning rates.
Higher FA in the pre-commissural fornix was linked to faster learning.
No significant correlation was found for the post-commissural fornix.

Conclusions:

The pre-commissural fornix plays a significant role in flexible and precise spatial learning.
Suggests a hippocampal-basal forebrain/prefrontal network, supported by the pre-commissural fornix, is essential for spatial cognition.