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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Esra Kara1, Julian Dronse1, Gereon R Fink1,2

  • 1University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients show altered hippocampal functional connectivity to the precuneus. This loss of differentiation, particularly along the anterior-posterior axis, may serve as an early neuroimaging biomarker for AD, distinguishing it from normal aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The hippocampus is crucial in Alzheimer's disease (AD) related cognitive decline.
  • The hippocampus exhibits longitudinal organization, with distinct anterior and posterior regions.
  • Functional connectivity alterations in AD along the hippocampal anterior-posterior axis are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional connectivity differences in the hippocampus along its anterior-posterior axis in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To explore the potential of hippocampal functional connectivity as an early neuroimaging biomarker for AD.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI data analyzed from 26 healthy young (HY), 27 healthy seniors (HS), and 33 AD patients.
  • Anterior and posterior hippocampal subregions were segmented and used as seeds for connectivity analysis.
  • Functional connectivity differences to default-mode network components (precuneus) were assessed between groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in hippocampal connectivity to the precuneus were found between healthy young and healthy seniors.
  • Healthy seniors and AD patients showed no significant differences when using the entire hippocampus as a seed.
  • Distinct group differences emerged when analyzing anterior and posterior hippocampal subregions separately, indicating a loss of differentiation in AD.

Conclusions:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with a loss of functional connectivity differentiation between hippocampal subregions and the precuneus.
  • Altered hippocampal functional connectivity may serve as an early neuroimaging biomarker for AD.
  • Future research should consider the anterior-posterior functional distinction of the hippocampus in AD studies.