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Clinical Manifestations.

Carol A Van Hulle1,2, Mary F Wyman3,4, Carey E Gleason2,3,5,6

  • 1Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mild Behavior Impairment (MBI) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) impact cognitive function. MBI alone suggests executive function issues, while MBI with SCD indicates memory impairment in middle-aged adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Mild Behavior Impairment (MBI) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) are common in mid-to-late life and may precede dementia.
  • Combined MBI and SCD may increase dementia conversion risk more than either condition alone.
  • This study investigated the effects of MBI and SCD on cognitive performance in a young, cognitively healthy sample.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the impact of Mild Behavior Impairment (MBI) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) on cognitive performance.
  • To assess cognitive outcomes in a cohort of cognitively unimpaired middle-aged adults.
  • To determine if the combination of MBI and SCD has a differential effect on cognition over time.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 309 cognitively unimpaired participants at the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.
  • Defined MBI via the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire and SCD by self-reported memory concerns.
  • Employed linear mixed effects models to analyze the association between MBI/SCD groups and cognitive test results (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Tests).

Main Results:

  • Participants with SCD were more likely to meet MBI criteria (p = .001).
  • The MBI+/SCD+ group showed poorer immediate recall performance.
  • MBI, with or without SCD, was associated with poorer performance on Trails A and B (executive function measures).

Conclusions:

  • Mild Behavior Impairment (MBI) may serve as an early indicator of executive function deficits in middle age.
  • The presence of both MBI and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) appears to be associated with impaired memory.
  • Further research is warranted to explore underlying pathologies associated with these conditions.