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Related Concept Videos

Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
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Related Experiment Video

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Analysis of Neural Crest Migration and Differentiation by Cross-species Transplantation
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Neural Crest Cells: Their Multipotency and Plasticity.

Tsutomu Motohashi1, Takahiro Kunisada2

  • 1Department of Molecular Design and Synthesis, Functional Biology Division, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.

Stem Cells and Development
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neural crest (NC) cells are multipotent and plastic, forming diverse cell types. Research shows neural crest stem-like cells (NCSCs) persist, offering potential for developmental biology and regenerative medicine.

Keywords:
multipotencyneural crest stem-like cellsplasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Neural crest (NC) cells are transient, migratory, multipotent cells crucial for development.
  • NC cells generate diverse cell types, including neurons, glia, melanocytes, and craniofacial structures.
  • Multipotent NC stem-like cells (NCSCs) are found in fetal and adult tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in understanding NC cells and NCSCs.
  • To explore the transcriptional profiles and plasticity of NC cells.
  • To identify transcription factors maintaining NC cell multipotency.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent high-throughput and integrative transcriptomic analyses.
  • Analysis of genetic and molecular profiles of NC cells.
  • Synthesis of current research on NC cell multipotency and plasticity.

Main Results:

  • NC cells exhibit remarkable transcriptional diversity, expressing pluripotency, lineage specification, and differentiation genes.
  • Evidence indicates NC cells retain multipotency during embryonic migration.
  • NCSCs persist in target tissues, demonstrating sustained multipotency.

Conclusions:

  • NC cells and NCSCs possess significant multipotency and plasticity.
  • Understanding NC cell transcription factors is key to their multipotency.
  • NC cells and NCSCs hold promise for regenerative medicine applications.