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Community Understanding and Attitudes Toward Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Testing for Prostate Cancer Screening: A
Ali F Alkhars1, Abdullatif K Almaghlouth2, Nawaf F Almusalem1
1College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, SAU.
Cureus
|December 26, 2025
Summary
Public awareness of prostate cancer (PC) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is low in Saudi Arabia. Targeted education is needed to overcome barriers like fear and misinformation for early detection.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Men's Health
Background:
- Prostate cancer (PC) is a significant global health concern, particularly affecting men.
- Saudi Arabia faces challenges in PC awareness and screening participation.
- This study focuses on Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, to evaluate PC and PSA testing awareness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess public awareness of prostate cancer (PC) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.
- To identify barriers hindering participation in PC screening.
- To explore factors influencing knowledge about PC and PSA screening in Saudi Arabia.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional electronic survey was administered to 388 participants in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
- The study utilized convenience sampling and an adapted Arabic questionnaire assessing PC and PSA knowledge and attitudes.
- Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics and chi-square/Fisher's exact tests (p<0.05 significance).
Main Results:
- A majority of respondents (75.3%) were young adults (18-28 years), and 71.6% were unmarried.
- While 62.4% recognized PC as the most common male cancer, only 29.1% knew about PSA testing.
- Only 5.9% had undergone PSA testing, and 93.3% had never sought medical help for prostate issues; employment and education significantly impacted knowledge (p=0.004, p=0.003).
Conclusions:
- Significant gaps in knowledge and awareness regarding PC and PSA screening exist among Saudi participants.
- Barriers include low perceived risk, fear of diagnosis, and reliance on informal information sources like social media.
- Targeted educational initiatives and outreach are essential to improve awareness and promote early screening.
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