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Clinical Manifestations.

Amitabha Ghosh1, Arpita Roy Choudhury1, Ranita Nandi1

  • 1Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive impairment, including Alzheimer's (ACS-dem) and mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), significantly impacts spelling in Bengali abugida script. Reading is less affected, primarily showing deficits in irregular words and non-words.

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Abugida scripts, originating from Brahmi, represent syllables but can be deconstructed into phonemes.
  • Unlike alphabetic scripts, the impact of cognitive impairment on reading and spelling in abugidas is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how cognitive impairment affects reading and spelling in Bengali, an abugida script.
  • To compare the performance of subjects with Alzheimer's clinical syndrome-dementia (ACS-dem) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) against cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty subjects (30 ACS-dem, 30 aMCI) and 60 matched CU subjects participated.
  • Participants read and spelled Bengali words, including varied consonant clusters, non-words, and irregular words.
  • Error analysis focused on reading and spelling of conjunct consonants.

Main Results:

  • Both aMCI and ACS-dem groups showed significantly worse non-word reading than CU subjects.
  • Spelling performance was significantly impaired in both aMCI and ACS-dem groups compared to CU subjects.
  • ACS-dem subjects exhibited greater deficits in spelling compared to aMCI subjects, particularly with complex consonant clusters.

Conclusions:

  • Spelling of conjunct consonants in Bengali is affected by cognitive impairment, even at the mild cognitive impairment stage.
  • Reading impairments are less severe, mainly affecting irregular words and non-words.
  • Further research is needed on cognitive impairment effects in other non-alphabetic writing systems.