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Clinical Manifestations.

Samhita Katteri1, Matthew S Welhaf1,2, Hannah M Wilks1

  • 1Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Remote cognitive testing is reliable for neurodegenerative disease studies. Environmental distractions and social context have minimal impact, primarily affecting individuals with early dementia symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Remote cognitive assessments are gaining popularity for neurodegenerative disease research.
  • Concerns exist regarding distractions impacting unsupervised assessments in everyday environments.
  • Understanding these impacts is crucial, especially for individuals in the early stages of dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of testing location, social environment, and distractions on cognitive performance in older adults.
  • To determine if these factors differentially affect individuals with and without early dementia symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Ambulatory Research in Cognition (ARC) smartphone application with 422 participants (cognitively normal and very mild dementia).
  • Participants completed ultra-brief cognitive tests (processing speed, working memory, associate memory) multiple times daily for seven days.
  • Collected data on location, social context, and interruptions during assessments.

Main Results:

  • Overall, location and social context had minor effects on associate and working memory, not processing speed.
  • Individuals with very mild dementia (CDR 0.5) showed slightly worse working memory and processing speed when tested away from home and around others.
  • Environmental distractions had small effects, mainly on those with very mild dementia, even after removing interrupted sessions.

Conclusions:

  • Unsupervised remote cognitive testing yields valid and reliable data for neurodegenerative disease research.
  • Social context and location have minor impacts, primarily affecting individuals with early dementia symptoms.
  • Self-reporting of distractions during remote assessments is recommended to ensure data accuracy.