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Clinical Manifestations.

João Pedro Uglione Da Ros1, Lucas Uglione Da Ros2, Andrei Bieger3,4,5

  • 1Universidade Luterana do Brazil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long COVID may cause mental health changes, but not structural brain changes detectable by MRI. These preliminary findings suggest functional or metabolic alterations rather than anatomical ones.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Long COVID is associated with neurological issues, including mental health symptoms.
  • The underlying brain changes (structural vs. functional) in Long COVID patients remain unclear.
  • This study examined mental health, brain volume, and cortical thickness in Brazilian Long COVID individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Long COVID on mental health symptoms.
  • To assess structural brain changes, specifically cortical grey matter volume and hippocampal volume, in Long COVID patients.
  • To correlate mental health symptoms with brain imaging findings.

Main Methods:

  • Long COVID patients (n=58) and controls (n=21) were assessed using PHQ-9 and GAD-7 for depression and anxiety.
  • Brain MRI scans were analyzed for cortical thickness (CT) and regional volumes using FreeSurfer.
  • Statistical analyses (ANCOVA, linear regression) controlled for age, sex, and education.

Main Results:

  • The Long COVID group showed significantly lower depression and anxiety scores than controls.
  • No significant differences were found in mean hippocampal volume between the groups.
  • Mean cortical grey matter volume and cortical thickness did not differ significantly between Long COVID patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Long COVID is linked to significant mental health changes, but not detectable structural brain alterations via MRI.
  • The observed mental health symptoms may stem from functional or metabolic brain changes.
  • Current MRI techniques focusing on brain anatomy may not capture the pathophysiological basis of Long COVID neurological symptoms.