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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Alexandra Krugliak1, Mats Wj van Es2, Marlou N Perquin1

  • 1University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) using the audio-visual oddball task (VAB) shows promise as a reliable biomarker for detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This neuroimaging technique can differentiate between healthy individuals and those with AD/MCI, aiding early diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline, synaptic loss, and amyloid/tau pathology.
  • Early detection of AD requires sensitive and reliable biomarkers for clinical trials.
  • Magneto/electroencephalography (M/EEG) can measure brain function changes in AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the sensitivity and reliability of M/EEG biomarkers for AD detection.
  • To develop a hybrid audio-visual oddball (VAB) task to measure neural responses.
  • To assess M/EEG's suitability for experimental medicine studies in AD.

Main Methods:

  • Concurrent M/EEG was used to record neural responses to auditory novelty and image-sound pairing mismatches.
  • Participants included cognitively healthy older adults (N=31) and individuals with amyloid-positive mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early AD (N=55).
  • Test-retest reliability of the VAB task was assessed in a subset of patients (N=17) over two weeks.

Main Results:

  • Healthy controls exhibited stronger neural responses to novel sounds than mismatching sounds.
  • AD/MCI patients showed increased neural responses to mismatching sounds, indicating impaired associative learning.
  • The VAB task demonstrated moderate to good reliability for M/EEG measures over two weeks.

Conclusions:

  • MEG responses in the VAB task are sensitive to the presence of AD/MCI.
  • The VAB task, using MEG, shows potential as a reliable biomarker for AD/MCI.
  • MEG is suitable for supporting experimental medicine studies in AD/MCI detection and progression.