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  1. Home
  3. Design And Analysis Of Two-layer Coding Scheme For Dna-based Data Storage.
  1. Home
  3. Design And Analysis Of Two-layer Coding Scheme For Dna-based Data Storage.

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Design and Analysis of Two-Layer Coding Scheme for DNA-Based Data Storage.

Jiayao Zhang, Shancheng Zhao

    IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience
    |December 26, 2025

    View abstract on PubMed

    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a DNA data storage coding framework to reduce read costs. It uses a two-layer coding scheme and optimization to improve reliability without adding redundancy, making DNA storage more practical.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biotechnology
    • Information Science
    • Computer Science

    Background:

    • DNA data storage offers high density and stability but faces high read costs due to errors in synthesis, storage, and sequencing.
    • Current methods struggle to balance reliability and redundancy, hindering practical DNA data storage deployment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a read-cost-efficient coding framework for DNA data storage that enhances reliability without increasing total redundancy.
    • To mitigate base-level and sequence-level errors in DNA data storage systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a novel two-layer intra-oligo coding scheme using Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes to protect index and data bits separately.
    • Introduced a semi-analytical optimization method for optimal redundancy allocation between index and data bits under a fixed total code rate.
  • Implemented inter-oligo protection using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes to address sequence-level errors.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed two-layer coding scheme with optimized redundancy allocation significantly reduces frame error rate (FER) compared to single-layer schemes.
    • Analytical and numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed coding framework and optimization method.
    • The system achieves enhanced reliability under identical sequencing depth and total redundancy levels.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel two-layer coding scheme and optimization method are effective in improving the reliability of DNA-based data storage.
    • This framework addresses the critical challenge of high read costs, paving the way for more practical DNA data storage solutions.
    • The findings highlight the advantages of layered coding strategies for robust DNA data storage systems.