Improving Standards for Embolization of Adhesive Capsulitis

Transarterial embolization (TAE) is a minimally invasive option for adhesive capsulitis (AC) refractory to conventional therapy. By targeting the underlying inflammatory process through reduction of neo-angiogenesis and nerve stimulation, TAE aims to achieve meaningful pain relief. Early studies report promising outcomes, although available data remain heterogeneous in technique and assessment. This review provides recommendations for performing adhesive capsulitis embolization (ACE) to promote standardized practice and support consistent methodology in future research. Patient selection criteria, key technical aspects of arteriography and embolization, and follow-up protocols are detailed. An updated summary of the literature is presented, along with an appendix designed to facilitate standardized data collection.Level of EvidenceExpert review Level 5.