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Oral Health and Discrimination Experienced by Sexual and Gender Minorities in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study
Igor Campos Guimarães1, Ana Carla Batista Domiciano2, Isabel Cristina Gonçalves Leite3
1Master's Student At Collective Health Post-Graduation Program, Medicine School Department of Collective Health, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Introduction:
Sexual and gender minorities are victims of discrimination in health services, which might be associated with disparities in subjective oral health measures.
Aims:
This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the association between different forms of discrimination experienced by Brazilian LGBTQIA+ people, and other independent variables, with subjective oral health outcomes.
Methods And Results:
Seven hundred sixty-two individuals responded to an online questionnaire about their sociodemographic characteristics, discriminatory experiences on a daily basis and in dental services, access to these services, and oral health. Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses estimated the association between independent variables and outcomes. The results were presented in odds ratios (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% C.I.). The emotional state was the category with the highest prevalence of impact (39.8%). Discrimination in dental services and self-perceived need for treatment were associated with both self-perceived oral health and its impacts on daily activities. Gender identity was associated with self-perceived oral health, and sexual orientation was associated with oral impacts on daily performance.
Conclusion:
The study indicated oral health disparities in this population, associated with discrimination, gender identity, and sexual orientation, and the need for more welcoming dental services.
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