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Occupational physicians' practices in supporting employees with long COVID: a mixed-methods study.

Yu Igarashi1, Seiichiro Tateishi2, Tomoko Sawajima3,4

  • 1Occupational Health Training Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, Japan.

Journal of Occupational Health
|December 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Occupational physicians in Japan provided support for employees with Long COVID, focusing on active listening, return-to-work assistance, and lifestyle guidance. Employers were advised to limit overtime and reduce workloads.

Keywords:
long COVIDmixed-methods studyoccupational healthoccupational physiciansworkers

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Long COVID presents significant challenges to workforce health globally.
  • Understanding occupational physician (OP) support is crucial for managing Long COVID in the workplace.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the support provided by occupational physicians (OPs) in Japan to employees experiencing Long COVID.
  • To identify common occupational health responses and employer advice for Long COVID cases.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory, cross-sectional mixed-methods design was utilized.
  • Qualitative interviews with OPs were followed by a questionnaire survey.
  • Data from interviews and surveys were integrated to describe occupational health practices.

Main Results:

  • Twenty OPs reported on 30 Long COVID cases during interviews.
  • 182 valid responses were received from the subsequent questionnaire survey.
  • Common OP responses included active listening, return-to-work assistance, and lifestyle guidance. Commonly advised employer actions involved workload adjustments and telework.

Conclusions:

  • OPs in Japan offer diverse, context-dependent support for Long COVID.
  • Identified practices provide a framework for current occupational health support.
  • Developing practical tools and guidelines is recommended to enhance OP support and future crisis preparedness.