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Updated: Jan 7, 2026
10:07
Using Learning Outcome Measures to assess Doctoral Nursing Education
Published on: June 21, 2010
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Current State of PhD Nursing Education in Four Countries: A Comparative Analysis
Thóra B Hafsteinsdóttir1, Joseph Almazan2, Johanna Heikkilä3
1Nursing Science Department, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
SAGE Open Nursing
|December 29, 2025
Summary
Doctoral nursing education varies globally. Kazakhstan
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Global Health Workforce Development
Background:
- Academic preparation of nurses is vital for global health.
- Doctoral education is essential for nursing research and evidence-based practice.
- Significant international variations exist in PhD nursing programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare PhD nursing education in Finland, Lithuania, the Netherlands, and Kazakhstan.
- To analyze organizational structure, entry requirements, supervision, and competencies.
- To identify differences and similarities in doctoral nursing programs.
Main Methods:
- Descriptive survey design.
- Comparative analysis of university PhD nursing program data.
- Focus on four countries: Finland, Lithuania, Netherlands, and Kazakhstan.
Main Results:
- All countries offer research-oriented PhD programs.
- European PhD nursing education is discipline-specific with expert supervisors.
- Kazakhstan allows PhDs in other disciplines with non-specialist supervisors.
Conclusions:
- Lack of nursing science expertise in Kazakhstan's PhD supervisors hinders program development.
- Kazakhstan needs independent nursing PhD programs with qualified supervisors.
- Developing PhD-prepared nurses is critical for Kazakhstan's healthcare future.
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