Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Mechanisms Underlying Gut Hormone Secretion Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Small Intestine
Published on: February 26, 2019
GLP-1 receptor agonists and gallbladder disease risk: insights into molecular mechanisms and clinical implications
Mariana M Ramírez-Mejía1,2, Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodriguez3, Mohammed Eslam4
1Plan of Combined Studies in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
Abstract:
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have become essential medications in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity due to their ability to improve glucose control and facilitate weight loss by enhancing insulin secretion, reducing glucagon release, and slowing gastric emptying. These mechanisms make GLP-1RAs highly effective for metabolic disorders, benefiting patients who require both glycemic control and weight reduction. However, despite their clinical efficacy, GLP-1RAs have been associated with an increased risk of gallbladder disease, including gallstone formation known as cholelithiasis and inflammation of the gallbladder called cholecystitis, especially with prolonged use and higher doses. This review explores the potential mechanisms by which GLP-1RAs may contribute to biliary disease, focusing on the roles of cholecystokinin suppression, bile acid receptor signaling, and alterations in gut-brain pathways. In addition, we present a novel algorithm designed to outline strategies to address the risks of biliary disease in patients treated with GLP-1RAs.
Related Concept Videos
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

