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Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

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Transcriptomic Profiles from Stereo-EEGs May Reflect the Local Brain Cell Microenvironment in Human Epilepsy.

Julian Larkin1,2,3, Anuj Kumar Dwivedi4, Arun Mahesh4

  • 1Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Beaumont Hospital, D09 V2N0 Dublin, Ireland.

Biomolecules
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes from epilepsy patients retain biomolecules. Transcriptome analysis reveals these electrodes reflect the brain's molecular environment and epileptiform activity, aiding biomarker discovery.

Keywords:
RNA sequencingepigeneticmulti-modal profilingneurosurgerytemporal lobe epilepsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Epilepsy pathomechanisms are increasingly understood via in-vivo human brain techniques.
  • Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes can retain biomolecules and cells post-explantation.
  • These retained materials offer potential for transcriptome and DNA methylation profiling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze transcriptomes from SEEG electrodes to understand gene expression profiles.
  • To determine the cellular and regional representation of recovered transcripts.
  • To investigate the correlation between gene expression and local epileptiform activity.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic and RNA sequencing analyses were applied to explanted SEEG electrodes.
  • Transcriptome data was analyzed for gene representation across cell types and brain structures.
  • Correlation analyses were performed between gene expression and SEEG-recorded epileptiform activity.

Main Results:

  • SEEG electrodes retained protein-coding transcripts reflecting the local molecular microenvironment and epileptiform activity.
  • Consistent expression of housekeeping genes and neuronal activity markers was observed across patients and electrode sites.
  • Transcripts represented diverse cell types (neurons, glia, endothelial cells) and brain regions, with some showing positional gradients.
  • Gene expression patterns correlated with epileptiform activity detected by SEEG.

Conclusions:

  • SEEG electrodes serve as valuable tools reflecting the molecular microenvironment of brain activity in epilepsy patients.
  • This approach can identify molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for drug-resistant epilepsies.
  • Potential applications exist for intraoperative surgical decision-making in epilepsy management.