Complexes Formed by the K63-Specific Deubiquitinating Enzyme BRCC36: New Promising Therapeutic Targets in Human
Xinyu Zhang1,2, Xiaodong Pang1, Yili Chen1
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Insights
BRCC36, a deubiquitinating enzyme, forms complexes like BRISC and BRCA1-A to regulate signaling and DNA repair. Its dysregulation is implicated in diseases, highlighting its therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- BRCC36 is a metalloenzyme with unique deubiquitinating functions.
- It requires complex assembly for activity, specifically cleaving K63-linked polyubiquitin chains.
- BRCC36 participates in vital cellular processes through its complexes, BRISC and BRCA1-A.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of BRCC36 localization, assembly, mutations, and functions.
- To review recent research on BRCC36 in various diseases.
- To explore BRCC36's potential as a therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of BRCC36 research.
- Analysis of BRCC36 complex formation and function.
- Examination of BRCC36's role in disease pathogenesis.
Main Results:
- BRCC36 forms the BRISC complex in the cytoplasm, regulating signaling pathways via K63-linked ubiquitination.
- BRCC36 forms the BRCA1-A complex in the nucleolus, aiding DNA damage repair.
- BRCC36's involvement in inflammation, mitosis, hematopoiesis, and DNA repair is highlighted.
Conclusions:
- The ubiquitin system, especially deubiquitinating enzymes like BRCC36, is crucial in disease initiation and progression.
- BRCC36 and its complexes are key regulators of fundamental biological processes.
- BRCC36 presents a promising therapeutic target for various diseases.
Abstract:
BRCC36, a member of the JAB1/MPN/Mov34 metalloenzymes family, exhibits distinct biochemical characteristics compared to other monomeric deubiquitinating enzymes. To function as a deubiquitinating enzyme, BRCC36 must assemble into a complex with other subunits that specifically cleaves K63-linked polyubiquitin chains. In the cytoplasm, BRCC36 forms the BRISC complex, which plays a crucial role in regulating various signaling pathways through modulating the K63-linked ubiquitination of substrate proteins. The BRISC complex can interact with the cytoplasmic SHMT2, thereby influencing diverse biological processes, including inflammation, mitosis, and hematopoiesis. Within the nucleolus, BRCC36 forms the BRCA1-A complex, which contributes to DNA damage repair. Growing evidence underscores the importance of the ubiquitin system, particularly deubiquitinating enzymes, in the initiation and progression of various diseases. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive overview of the localization, assembly, mutations, and functions of BRCC36 and its associated complexes. We then discuss recent advances in research on BRCC36 across various diseases and explore its potential as a therapeutic target.
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