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Sensory Processing in People Experiencing Homelessness in Spain: A Pilot Study
Alicia Cal-Herrera1, Berta Gándara-Gafo2, Ariadna Corbella-González1
1INPRO (Research in Occupational Participation and Performance), Department of Health Sciences, European University Miguel de Cervantes, 47012 Valladolid, Spain.
People experiencing homelessness exhibit distinct sensory processing patterns, including higher scores in low registration, sensory sensitivity, and sensation avoiding. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to address their unique needs.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Therapy
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- People experiencing homelessness (PEH) face challenging environments and social exclusion, potentially impacting information processing.
- High rates of mental illness among PEH are noted, but a link to sensory processing issues remains unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze and characterize sensory processing patterns in people experiencing homelessness.
- To identify potential differences in sensory processing compared to a general population.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 150 participants experiencing homelessness.
- Utilized the Adult/Adolescent Sensory Profile and a sociodemographic questionnaire.
- Participants aged 18-64 were assessed.
Main Results:
- PEH demonstrated significantly higher scores in low registration (M=36.9), sensory sensitivity (M=41.1), and sensation avoiding (M=45.5) compared to controls (p < 0.001).
- These elevated scores suggest a unique sensory processing profile within the homeless population.
Conclusions:
- Sensory processing differences in PEH may stem from chronic stress, unpredictable environments, and mental health conditions.
- Person-centered interventions should consider these sensory characteristics to reduce isolation and enhance occupational participation.
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