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Three-Dimensional Models in Hepatic Surgery: Clinical Outcomes A Single-Center Experience.

María Victoria Vieiro Medina1, Laura Alonso Murillo1, Carlos Ernesto García Vasquez1

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Three-dimensional (3D) modeling in liver surgery improves surgeon

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary Surgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Surgical Planning

Background:

  • Hepatic resection necessitates detailed vascular anatomy and remnant liver volume knowledge for safety and efficacy.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) models offer potential benefits for surgical planning, education, and intraoperative navigation in liver surgery.
  • The study investigates the impact of 3D model utilization in elective hepatectomy patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of three-dimensional (3D) model utilization on patient outcomes during elective hepatectomy.
  • To assess whether 3D modeling influences operative time, blood loss, complication rates, or hospital stay.
  • To identify independent risk factors for complications following hepatic resection.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 89 patients undergoing elective hepatectomy.
  • Comparison between patients with (n=49) and without (n=40) 3D model utilization (virtual and printed).
  • Analysis of intraoperative blood loss, operative time, complication rates (Clavien-Dindo), length of stay, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) modeling group showed significantly lower intraoperative blood loss (175 mL vs. 262.5 mL; p < 0.001).
  • No significant differences were observed in operative time, complication rates, length of hospital stay, or mortality between groups.
  • Multivariable analysis identified specific risk factors for complications and protective factors like albumin.

Conclusions:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) modeling enhances anatomic orientation and reduces intraoperative blood loss in hepatic resection.
  • While not significantly altering classic perioperative outcomes, 3D modeling's primary value lies in preoperative planning and technical safety.
  • Further research may explore the direct clinical impact and integration of 3D models in liver surgery.