Different Varieties of Water Caltrop (Trapa bispinosa) Starch: Physicochemical Properties and Digestibility Modulated
Tengfei Ma1, Qiong Wu2, Yuyang Yuan1
1National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
Abstract:
This study assessed the physicochemical properties and digestibility of starches derived from five varieties of water caltrop, focusing on their multi-scale structure. Water caltrop starch granules exhibited round, oval, or polygonal shapes with smooth surfaces, exhibiting unimodal particle size distributions and A-, C-, or C/A-type crystal patterns. T.qR'Green' exhibited the highest amylose content (30.93%), the lowest peak viscosity and breakdown, and the highest setback. T.bR'Green' had the highest crystallinity (29.04%) and endothermic enthalpy (15.39 J/g), with a more ordered internal structure. T.bR'Red' had the lowest crystallinity (24.94%), gelatinization temperature, and endothermic enthalpy (8.08 J/g), while showing the highest peak viscosity and breakdown, the lowest setback, and the highest resistant starch content (47.2%), thus possessing stronger resistance to digestion. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the thermal properties of water caltrop starches were mainly influenced by the amylopectin B-chains and short-range order, while pasting properties were mainly affected by amylopectin B-chains and crystallinity. Amylose content positively influenced solubility but negatively affected swelling power. Additionally, water caltrop starch digestibility showed a negative correlation with granule size and short-range order. These findings indicated the significant impact of starch multi-scale structure on physicochemical properties and digestibility.
Related Concept Videos
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters
Enhanced drug absorption can be achieved by reducing particle sizes and increasing surface areas, thereby facilitating...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
Chemistry of Carbohydrates
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...


