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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

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Fine-tuning thermogenesis from the post-transcriptional level.

Mengyao Wan1, Hao Gu2, Siyuan Chen1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of the Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Endemic Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China.

Iscience
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This review explores post-transcriptional regulation of thermogenesis-related genes in mammals. Understanding these mechanisms, including RNA splicing and modification, is crucial for energy homeostasis and weight management.

Keywords:
BiochemistryCell biology

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolism and Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Adipose tissue, including white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), plays a critical role in mammalian energy homeostasis.
  • WAT stores energy, while BAT expends energy for thermogenesis. Modulating WAT and BAT is key for weight loss and improved lipid metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms governing key thermogenesis-regulated genes.
  • To highlight the importance of post-transcriptional regulation in coordinating WAT and BAT differentiation and function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on post-transcriptional regulation.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including splicing, m6A modification, RNA degradation, RNA-binding proteins, and ncRNA regulation.
  • Examination of pre-mRNAs of thermogenic genes.

Main Results:

  • Transcriptional regulation of WAT and BAT is well-studied, but post-transcriptional control remains less understood.
  • Key thermogenesis genes are subject to diverse post-transcriptional regulatory layers.
  • Mechanisms discussed include alternative splicing, m6A RNA methylation, RNA decay pathways, RNA-binding proteins, and non-coding RNA interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Post-transcriptional regulation provides an essential layer of control over thermogenesis and adipose tissue function.
  • Further research into these mechanisms can offer novel therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders and obesity.
  • Understanding these regulatory networks is vital for advancing our knowledge of energy balance and weight management strategies.