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Impact of Interventions Addressing Stigma and Opioid Use Disorder in Medical Schools: A Scoping Review
Clare Hartman1, Quentin Boose1, Gillian Beauchamp2
1USF Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA.
Background:
Medical students and medical providers may have implicit biases related to substance use disorders (SUD), including opioid use disorder (OUD), a condition that affects approximately 3.7 million individuals in the United States (US). This may lead to detriments in care and increased morbidity and mortality.
Objectives:
This scoping review summarizes the existing interventions for reducing anti-OUD stigma in osteopathic and allopathic medical schools and reports which are most effective.
Methods:
We followed PRISMA methods for a scoping review. Thirteen studies were identified from 2017-2024. Interventions included opioid overdose prevention training, lectures, and exposure to patient stories, and most (n = 9) used a previously validated measure of assessing stigma.
Results:
Eight studies showed a significant reduction in stigma. The inclusion of opioid overdose prevention training did not lead to a reduction in stigma and appeared to wash out the effects of education on stigma in one study.
Conclusion:
Multiple educational approaches were used to address anti-OUD stigma in US medical students, and more research is needed to determine which elements are the most effective.
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