Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
06:13

The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump

Published on: February 5, 2021

24.1K

Impact of Abnormal Ankle-Brachial Index on Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis

Lijun Li1, Xinhua Hu2

  • 1Outpatient Department, Jin Qiu Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.

Angiology
|December 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

An abnormal ankle-brachial index (ABI) significantly predicts worse outcomes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. A low ABI is linked to increased major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality, aiding risk stratification.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Prognostics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The prognostic significance of an abnormal ankle-brachial index (ABI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients requires further elucidation.
  • Peripheral artery disease, indicated by abnormal ABI, is associated with systemic atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis assessing the association between abnormal ABI and adverse prognosis in ACS patients.
  • To evaluate the prognostic value of ABI for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases.
  • Inclusion of nine studies with a total of 5647 patients.
  • Pooled analysis of adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for abnormal ABI (≤0.9 or >1.4).

Main Results:

  • Abnormal ABI was significantly associated with increased risk of MACEs (HR 2.39; 95% CI 1.76-3.23).
  • Abnormal ABI predicted higher cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.19; 95% CI 1.27-3.78) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.00; 95% CI 1.57-2.55).
  • Strong evidence links low ABI to adverse outcomes, but data on high ABI's prognostic value is limited.

Conclusions:

  • An abnormal ABI is a significant predictor of mortality and MACEs in ACS patients.
  • A low ABI may enhance risk stratification for ACS patients.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to validate the prognostic utility of low ABI.

Keywords:
acute coronary syndromeankle-brachial indexmajor adverse cardiovascular eventsmeta-analysismortality

More Related Videos

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach09:01

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

12.2K
Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication14:52

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Published on: December 11, 2013

12.0K

Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
311
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
343
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
190
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
424
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
690
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
323