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Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players
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Short-Term In-Season Strength Training With Functional Electromechanical Devices Versus Pulley-Based Systems:

Ángela Rodríguez Perea1,2, Darío Martínez-García2, Ignacio J Chirosa-Ríos2

  • 1AMREDyS, Analysis of Human Movement, Sports Performance and Health, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Universidad de León, León, Spain.

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Both functional electromechanical dynamometer (FEMD) and free-weight pulley-based (FWPB) strength training improved handball players' throwing velocity and strength during the season. Neither method showed clear superiority, highlighting the value of in-season training.

Keywords:
muscle powerresistance exerciseteam sportsthrowing velocitytraining periodization

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Strength and Conditioning
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • In-season training is crucial for maintaining athlete physical capacities.
  • Handball requires high levels of throwing velocity and strength.
  • Comparing different training modalities can optimize athlete development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of functional electromechanical dynamometer (FEMD) versus free-weight pulley-based (FWPB) strength training.
  • To assess changes in throwing velocity, strength, and body composition in semiprofessional male handball players.
  • To determine if either training modality offers superior adaptations during the competitive season.

Main Methods:

  • Seventeen male handball players were randomized into FEMD or FWPB groups.
  • A 4-week in-season strength-training program was implemented.
  • Throwing velocity, strength (isometric and dynamic), and body composition were measured pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Both FEMD and FWPB training improved standing throwing velocity and various strength metrics.
  • The FWPB group showed significantly higher gains in jumping throwing velocity and some strength/power parameters.
  • Both groups increased lean mass, with no significant changes in body fat percentage.

Conclusions:

  • Both FEMD and FWPB strength training effectively enhance neuromuscular performance and body composition in handball players.
  • No significant superiority was found for either training modality over the 4-week intervention period.
  • In-season strength training is vital for maintaining and improving physical capacities, including throwing velocity, in handball athletes.