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Identification of OTX1 and OTX2 As Two Possible Molecular Markers for Sinonasal Carcinomas and Olfactory Neuroblastomas

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Nasal Angiosarcoma Mimicking Common Sinonasal Tumors.

Sasa Jakovljevic^1,2, Ljiljana Cvorovic^1,2, Katarina Jovanovic²

¹Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

|December 30, 2025

Summary

This case report highlights a rare sinonasal angiosarcoma, a highly aggressive vascular cancer. Accurate diagnosis requires thorough histopathology and multidisciplinary planning for effective management of this uncommon malignancy.

Keywords:

Angiosarcoma epistaxis head and neck cancer immunohistochemistry nasal obstruction rare tumors sinonasal tumor surgical excision vascular malignancy

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pathology
Vascular Malignancies

Background:

Angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive vascular cancer.
Sinonasal involvement is exceptionally uncommon, posing diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a rare case of sinonasal angiosarcoma.
To emphasize diagnostic pitfalls and the importance of multidisciplinary management.

Main Methods:

Histopathologic re-evaluation of an excised sinonasal tumor.
Immunohistochemistry to confirm vascular origin and rule out epithelial markers.
Imaging to assess for metastases.

Main Results:

The tumor was confirmed as angiosarcoma, characterized by diffuse nuclear ERG positivity.
Initial biopsy was misdiagnosed as adenoid carcinoma.
Complete macroscopic resection was achieved.

Conclusions:

Sinonasal angiosarcoma presents diagnostic challenges due to its rarity and potential for misdiagnosis.
Comprehensive histopathologic assessment, including immunohistochemistry, is crucial.
Multidisciplinary team planning is essential for optimal management of this rare entity.