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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Modeling Breast Cancer in Human Breast Tissue using a Microphysiological System
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Obesity as a Systems-Level Driver of Cancer: Mechanisms and Nutritional Reprogramming.

Camelia Munteanu1, Danny N Dhanasekaran2,3,4

  • 1Biology Section, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
|December 30, 2025
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity drives cancer by altering hormones, metabolism, and inflammation. Precision nutrition offers a new way to reprogram this oncogenic ecosystem for cancer prevention and treatment.

Keywords:
cancerobesityprecision nutritiontumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Obesity is a global health crisis linked to increased cancer incidence and mortality.
  • The mechanistic links between obesity and cancer are complex and involve systemic changes.
  • Obesity acts as an oncogenic stressor, impacting hormonal signaling, immunometabolism, and epigenetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms connecting obesity to cancer.
  • To explore the role of diet in modulating obesity-associated carcinogenesis.
  • To highlight emerging strategies in precision nutritional oncology for cancer prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current knowledge on obesity and cancer.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including chronic inflammation, metabolic reprogramming, and microbiome dysbiosis.
  • Examination of dietary patterns and their impact on cancer biology via epigenetic reprogramming.

Main Results:

  • Obesity promotes carcinogenesis through chronic inflammation, metabolic shifts, and tumor microenvironment alterations.
  • Dietary patterns can reprogram cancer biology through epigenetic modifications.
  • Precision nutrition, utilizing nutrigenomics and metabolomics, offers personalized cancer prevention and metabolic targeting.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity is a modifiable oncogenic ecosystem, not just a risk factor.
  • Individualized precision dietary interventions can reprogram obesity-related cancer biology.
  • A paradigm shift towards treating obesity as a targetable ecosystem is proposed for cancer management.