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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Pulsed Raman Lasing in Diode-Pumped Multimode Graded-Index Fiber with Tuned Femtosecond-Laser-Inscribed Bragg

Alexey G Kuznetsov¹, Vadim S Terentyev¹, Alexander V Dostovalov¹

¹Institute of Automation and Electrometry, 1 Ac. Koptyug Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.

|December 31, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed a pulsed Raman laser using a graded-index (GRIN) fiber and fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). This system achieves 22-watt output power and generates tunable pulses for sensing applications.

Keywords:

Raman laser graded index fiber multimode fiber tunable FBG

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Published on: November 22, 2019

Area of Science:

Photonics and Laser Technology
Optical Fiber Communications

Background:

Multimode graded-index (GRIN) fibers are researched for high-power, high-quality laser beams.
Direct diode-pumped Raman lasers offer potential for new wavelengths.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate pulsed operation of a diode-pumped Raman laser using a GRIN fiber.
To investigate pulse generation and characteristics using fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs).

Main Methods:

A 1 km 100/140 GRIN fiber laser cavity was formed using a high-reflective input FBG and a tunable output FBG.
The output FBG was modulated by a piezoelectric nanopositioner to generate pulses.
fs laser pulses were used to inscribe FBGs in the fundamental mode area of the fiber core.

Main Results:

Pulsed operation was achieved with pulse durations tunable from 23 ms to 1.2 ms.
Maximum output power reached 22 watts.
Signal spectrum broadened by >2 nm at 976 nm with increased pumping, exhibiting wavelength chirp.

Conclusions:

The demonstrated pulsed Raman laser offers improved beam quality and tunable pulse generation.
The wavelength chirp introduced in pulses is suitable for sensing and other applications.
Diode-pumped GRIN fiber Raman lasers represent a promising platform for high-power laser sources.