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FZC-TDE: The Algorithm for Real-Time Ultrasonic Stress Measurement at Low Sampling Rates
Feifei Qiu1, Bing Chen1, Chunlang Luo1
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
Micromachines
|December 31, 2025
Summary
A new Frequency-domain Zero-padded Cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation (FZC-TDE) algorithm enables precise ultrasonic stress measurement at low sampling rates. This method reduces power consumption and hardware costs for micro-nano processing equipment.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering
- Signal Processing
Background:
- Micro-nano-sized processing equipment demands high precision, making residual stress measurement critical for stability.
- Conventional ultrasonic stress measurement requires high sampling rates, leading to increased power consumption and hardware expenses.
- Existing methods struggle to balance accuracy with efficiency in resource-constrained environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a novel low-sampling-rate method for ultrasonic stress measurement.
- To develop and validate the Frequency-domain Zero-padded Cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation (FZC-TDE) algorithm.
- To reduce hardware costs and power consumption in precision measurement applications.
Main Methods:
- Development of the Frequency-domain Zero-padded Cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation (FZC-TDE) algorithm.
- Utilizing a frequency-domain fusion operation (zero-padding interpolation and cross-correlation) for high-resolution delay measurement.
- Conducting tensile validation experiments to determine minimum sampling rate requirements and compare with time-domain interpolation methods.
Main Results:
- FZC-TDE enables effective temporal delay variation characterization at low sampling rates (e.g., below 25 MSps with interpolation is insufficient).
- A minimum sampling rate of 20 times the signal frequency is needed for ±10 MPa accuracy.
- FZC-TDE demonstrates superior computational efficiency compared to time-domain interpolation methods, with significantly reduced arithmetic operations and stable computation time.
Conclusions:
- The FZC-TDE algorithm offers an optimal balance between acceptable stress measurement accuracy and enhanced computational efficiency.
- This method significantly reduces sampling-rate constraints, making it ideal for real-time and resource-limited applications.
- The FZC-TDE algorithm supports advancements in micro-nano-sized processing equipment and device performance by lowering hardware demands.
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