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Orthorexia Profiles in Athletes: A Multidimensional Analysis Using the Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ) and the
María Manzanares-Cabrera1, María Dolores Onieva-Zafra2,3, Alberto Bermejo-Cantarero2,3,4
1Hospital Quiron Health Ciudad Real, 13002 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Nutrients
|December 31, 2025
Summary
Orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) and healthy orthorexia (HeOr) present diverse patterns in physically active young adults, influenced by age, sex, BMI, diet, and sport. Three distinct orthorexia profiles were identified, highlighting the need for context-specific understanding.
Area of Science:
- Eating behavior research
- Sports science
- Psychology
Background:
- Limited evidence exists on orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) and healthy orthorexia (HeOr) associations in physically active young adults.
- Understanding these eating behaviors is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sociodemographic, dietary, and sport-related factors associated with OrNe and HeOr in physically active young adults.
- To identify distinct profiles of orthorexia in this population.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 190 physically active young adults.
- Utilized validated instruments for OrNe, HeOr, and eating cognitions.
- Applied hierarchical and K-means clustering to identify orthorexia profiles.
Main Results:
- Age positively correlated with OrNe and HeOr; BMI associated with OrNe in men.
- Vegetarian participants showed higher nutritional knowledge but lower orthorexia scores.
- Three distinct orthorexia profiles emerged, with significant differences in OrNe and HeOr scores across clusters.
Conclusions:
- Orthorexia in young, active adults is heterogeneous, shaped by individual, dietary, and sport-specific factors.
- Differentiated orthorexia profiles emphasize the multidimensional nature of these conditions.
- Context-specific understanding of sport environments is vital for interpreting orthorexic tendencies.
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