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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
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Spray-Dried Serum for Inhaled Antiviral Therapy.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Developing inhalable powders from immunized rat serum offers a promising strategy against SARS-CoV-2. These polyclonal antibody formulations demonstrate good aerosol performance and protein stability, overcoming limitations of monoclonal antibodies.

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SARS-CoV-2dried immune serumdry powder inhalerpassive immunotherapypolyclonal antibodies

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Monoclonal antibodies for respiratory viruses face challenges with viral mutations.
  • Serum-derived polyclonal antibodies offer broader protection against viral escape.
  • Developing inhalable antibody therapeutics is crucial for respiratory infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop inhalable powders containing serum from rats immunized against SARS-CoV-2.
  • To evaluate formulations for aerosol performance and protein stability.
  • To identify optimal excipients for stable, respirable antibody powders.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of sugar and amino acid excipients for protein stabilization.
  • Formulation development using neat and albumin-depleted serum with selected excipients (HPβCD, L-leucine, trehalose, glycine).
  • Evaluation of spray-dried powders for particle size, aerosol performance (MMAD, FPF), hygroscopicity, and immunoglobulin activity.

Main Results:

  • Combinations of sugar and amino acids improved protein size retention and reduced moisture.
  • All spray-dried formulations produced respirable particles (MMAD ≤ 5 µm) with high fine particle fractions (70-80%).
  • L-leucine enhanced aerosol dispersibility and reduced hygroscopicity and aggregation; albumin improved immunoglobulin activity.

Conclusions:

  • Inhalable polyclonal antibody powders are feasible for SARS-CoV-2 prophylaxis.
  • L-leucine combined with HPβCD provided the best balance of aerodynamic properties and protein stabilization.
  • Albumin enhanced immunoglobulin activity, while buffer choice had minimal impact.