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Adaptive Relay Free Space Networking for Autonomous Underwater Drone Swarms.

David Stack1, Douglas Nuti1, Mehdi Rahmati1

  • 1Washkewicz College of Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.

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Summary

This study demonstrates an adaptive relay optical wireless network for underwater exploration. It overcomes line-of-sight limitations, enabling robust communication for aquatic drone swarms.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Autonomous Systems
  • Underwater Communications
  • Optical Networking

Background:

  • Underwater wireless networking is crucial for exploration and monitoring, with current systems primarily using acoustic waves.
  • Optical communication presents challenges, mainly the line-of-sight (LOS) propagation limitation, hindering its widespread adoption in aquatic environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and experimentally validate an adaptive relay wireless network configuration utilizing optics to overcome LOS limitations.
  • To explore the potential of optical communication for high-data-rate underwater applications, particularly for autonomous systems like drone swarms.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of an experimental network with strategically placed sensors capable of transmitting modulated blue light.
  • Development and programming of a hypothetical aquatic drone swarm employing adaptive relay logic to navigate obstructions.
  • Testing the network's ability to maintain communication despite LOS blockages through adaptive configurations.

Main Results:

  • The experimental network successfully demonstrated adaptation to obstructions in the line-of-sight.
  • Communication was maintained between sensors and submersibles even when direct optical paths were blocked.
  • The adaptive relay logic enabled the system to reconfigure and sustain connectivity.

Conclusions:

  • Utilizing optics in an adaptive relay configuration can overcome the inherent line-of-sight limitations of underwater optical wireless networks.
  • This approach enhances the feasibility of optical communication for aquatic applications, leveraging its higher data rate potential.
  • The findings support the development of efficient, high-bandwidth underwater communication systems for exploration and monitoring tasks.