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Next-generation Sequencing

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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

An Ultrahigh-throughput Microfluidic Platform for Single-cell Genome Sequencing

An Ultrahigh-throughput Microfluidic Platform for Single-cell Genome Sequencing

Published on: May 23, 2018

High-throughput generic single-entity sequencing using droplet microfluidics.

Guoping Wang¹, Liuyang Zhao¹, Yu Shi¹

¹Institute of Digestive Diseases and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.

|December 31, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Generic Single-Entity Sequencing (GSE-Seq) enables high-throughput genome sequencing for viruses and bacteria. This new framework overcomes limitations, revealing novel microbial species and enhancing our understanding of biological diversity.

Keywords:

droplet microfluidics long‐read sequencing metagenomics microbial dark matter single‐cell genomics single‐virus genomics

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Single-cell sequencing advanced cellular heterogeneity studies.
Existing platforms are limited to eukaryotic cells, neglecting viruses and bacteria.
Current single-entity sequencing methods suffer from low throughput and genome fragmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce Generic Single-Entity Sequencing (GSE-Seq), a novel framework.
Overcome limitations in current single-entity sequencing technologies.
Enable high-throughput genomic profiling of diverse biological entities.

Main Methods:

Integrated workflow combining massive barcode generation, hydrogel-based in situ processing, and whole genome amplification.
In-droplet library preparation and long-read sequencing.
Application to viral communities in human fecal and marine sediment samples.

Main Results:

Generated thousands of high-quality single-entity genomes, with most being novel.
Successfully identified dsDNA, ssDNA, giant viruses, and crAssphages.
Revealed putative novel bacterial species, demonstrating platform versatility across microbial kingdoms.

Conclusions:

GSE-Seq is a robust, high-throughput framework for generic single-entity sequencing.
The platform addresses key challenges in microbial genomics.
GSE-Seq shows significant promise for single-entity deconvolution in diverse biological applications.