Pathological features of malignant colorectal polyps: a five-year descriptive retrospective study

Malignant polyps are primarily adenocarcinomas arising from adenomatous polyps, with the potential to metastasize to regional lymph nodes and distant sites. In our institute, significant gaps in knowledge about the histopathological characteristics of malignant colorectal polyps continue to exist despite their recent increase in prominence.

This study aims to describe the demographic and pathological features of malignant polyps and investigate the correlation between the Haggitt level and various parameters.

This retrospective study included patients who underwent colonoscopy and polypectomy with the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma arising from an adenomatous polyp between January 2018 and December 2022.

The correlation between the Haggitt level and variables was assessed using the χ² test. The study included 53 patients with a 2 : 1 male-to-female ratio and a mean age of 66 years. Malignant polyps were primarily located in the sigmoid colon and rectum. The presence of lymphatic and perineural invasion was correlated with a deeper level of invasion.

The rectosigmoid colon is the predilection site for malignant polyps, and a deeper level increases the risk of lymphatic and perineural invasion.