The Impact of Sleep Quality and Sleep Duration on Dietary Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study in Xiamen, China

Dietary disorder is a growing health concern among adolescents, influenced by a combination of psychosocial, behavioral, and environmental factors. This study examines the relationship between sleep quality, sleep duration, and the severity of dietary disorders in Chinese adolescents. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 982 adolescents in Xiamen, China, capturing data on demographics, dietary habits, and sleep health through self-reported questionnaires. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that dietary disorder was significantly affected by poorer subjective sleep quality and shorter sleep duration. Generalized ordered logit regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) analyses revealed that poor sleep quality and sleep curtailment were significantly associated with higher levels of dietary disorder. Specifically, adolescents with excellent sleep quality were 58% less likely to experience dietary disorder, while those with sleep curtailment were 82% more likely to exhibit dietary disorder. The findings suggest that sleep health plays a pivotal role in shaping adolescent dietary behaviors, and interventions targeting sleep quality and duration may mitigate dietary disorders. This research provides evidence for public health initiatives focused on improving sleep hygiene as part of efforts to enhance adolescent health outcomes.