Chikungunya Virus: Unveiling Its Global Impact (2002-2024).

Area of Science:

• Medical Entomology
• Virology
• Public Health

Background:

• Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, causes widespread febrile illness outbreaks globally.
• The virus leads to severe, long-lasting clinical manifestations, impacting health, quality of life, and work capacity.
• Climate change and globalization are expanding mosquito habitats, increasing populations at risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in CHIKV pathogenesis.
• To explore the therapeutic potential of antioxidants and preventive strategies.
• To highlight advancements in early detection and vaccine research for chikungunya fever.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
• Searched the Web of Science database for studies from 2002 to 2024.
• Focused on disease prevention, diagnostics, and vaccine research.

Main Results:

• Oxidative stress and inflammation are key in CHIKV pathogenesis.
• Antioxidants show therapeutic potential.
• Vector control, public health education, and molecular diagnostics are vital for prevention.

Conclusions:

• Effective surveillance and vector control are essential to suppress CHIKV re-emergence.
• Continued global public health initiatives are necessary to mitigate chikungunya's impact.
• Early detection and ongoing vaccine development are critical for future control.