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Related Concept Videos

Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

4.4K
Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...
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Sound Waves01:01

Sound Waves

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Sound waves can be thought of as fluctuations in the pressure of a medium through which they propagate. Since the pressure also makes the medium's particles vibrate along its direction of motion, the waves can be modeled as the displacement of the medium's particles from their mean position.
Sound waves are longitudinal in most fluids because fluids cannot sustain any lateral pressure. In solids, however, shear forces help in propagating the disturbance in the lateral direction as well....
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Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

Sound Waves: Resonance

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Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
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Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

4.5K
Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
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Sound Intensity00:58

Sound Intensity

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The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
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Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Fabrication and Operation of Acoustofluidic Devices Supporting Bulk Acoustic Standing Waves for Sheathless Focusing of Particles
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Sound matters: Using acoustics to move material.

Siyuan Huang1, Yuebing Zheng1,2

  • 1Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

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|January 1, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acoustic tweezers enable precise particle manipulation along complex routes. This technology demonstrates remarkable stability, even when navigating around obstacles and sharp turns.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustic manipulation
  • Microparticle transport
  • Acoustic tweezers technology

Background:

  • Traditional particle manipulation methods face limitations in complex environments.
  • Precise control over microparticle trajectories is crucial for various scientific applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the capability of acoustic tweezers for arbitrary path particle transport.
  • To highlight the robustness of acoustic tweezers in overcoming defects and sharp corners.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing focused acoustic fields to generate forces on microparticles.
  • Designing acoustic wave patterns to guide particles along predefined complex trajectories.
  • Introducing defects and sharp corners into the transport path to test system resilience.

Main Results:

  • Successfully transported particles along arbitrarily defined paths.
  • Demonstrated unprecedented robustness of particle transport across defects.
  • Showcased stable particle manipulation around sharp corners without loss of control.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustic tweezers offer a powerful and robust method for microparticle manipulation.
  • The technology holds significant potential for applications requiring precise particle guidance in challenging environments.