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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Detecting Somatic Genetic Alterations in Tumor Specimens by Exon Capture and Massively Parallel Sequencing
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Whole-Genome Amplification for Circulating Tumor Cells.

Masato Kojima1, Eiso Hiyama2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. mk1019@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|January 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) analysis via liquid biopsy offers insights into cancer progression. Whole-genome amplification (WGA) is crucial for genetic analysis of single CTCs from minimal DNA.

Keywords:
Circulating tumor cellLiquid biopsyPrecision medicineSingle-cell analysisWhole-genome amplification

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from primary tumors and contribute to metastasis.
  • Liquid biopsy using blood samples offers a minimally invasive approach to analyze CTCs.
  • Understanding CTCs is vital for tracking tumor evolution and developing precision cancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail protocols for isolating CTCs from blood.
  • To describe whole-genome amplification (WGA) for limited DNA.
  • To outline quality control for downstream genetic analysis of single CTCs.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of CTCs from peripheral blood.
  • Whole-genome amplification (WGA) of DNA from single CTCs.
  • Quality assessment of amplified DNA for genetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Established protocols for CTC isolation and WGA.
  • Demonstrated feasibility of genetic analysis from single CTCs.
  • Ensured quality control for reliable downstream applications.

Conclusions:

  • CTC analysis provides a powerful tool for understanding tumor heterogeneity and malignancy.
  • WGA protocols enable comprehensive genetic profiling of individual CTCs.
  • This methodology supports advancements in precision oncology and liquid biopsy applications.