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All-optical tabletop strong-field terahertz pump-Ultrafast x-ray probe platform.

Hao Chen1,2, Xin-Yao Zhang1,2, Guo-Qian Liao1,2,3

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Researchers developed a compact platform for strong-field terahertz (THz) pump-ultrafast X-ray probe measurements. This tabletop system enables advanced studies of ultrafast materials science and non-equilibrium physics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Ultrafast time-resolved measurements using X-ray probes are crucial for understanding dynamic processes in materials.
  • Access to strong-field terahertz (THz) sources and ultrafast X-ray probes has been limited to large-scale facilities.
  • A compact, versatile platform is needed to democratize these advanced experimental capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and implement a novel, compact, all-optical tabletop platform for strong-field terahertz (THz) pump-ultrafast X-ray probe experiments.
  • To achieve efficient generation and precise synchronization of intense THz pump pulses and ultrafast X-ray probe pulses.
  • To demonstrate the platform's capability in studying ultrafast phenomena, such as structural phase transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized femtosecond laser-driven THz and X-ray sources, optimizing laser pulse chirp for maximum generation efficiency.
  • Generated intense THz pump pulses (up to 3 MV/cm, 0.1-3 THz) via optical rectification in organic crystals.
  • Produced ultrafast X-ray probe pulses (Cu Kα photons) using intense laser interactions with copper foil targets at 100 Hz repetition rate.
  • Achieved spatial and temporal overlap of THz and X-ray pulses using an auxiliary near-infrared laser pulse.

Main Results:

  • Successfully implemented a compact, operational platform for strong-field THz pump-ultrafast X-ray probe measurements.
  • Demonstrated the platform's capability by performing measurements on the ultrafast structural phase transition of vanadium dioxide.
  • The platform enables selective excitation, control, and high-temporal-resolution in situ detection of ultrafast lattice dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The developed all-optical tabletop platform provides unprecedented accessibility to strong-field THz pump-ultrafast X-ray probe spectroscopy.
  • This versatile tool facilitates in-depth investigation of ultrafast materials science and non-equilibrium physics.
  • The platform opens new avenues for studying dynamic processes in materials with high temporal resolution.