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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress
Published on: October 11, 2024
Translational control in plants: from basic mechanisms to environmental and developmental responses
Jade Lyons1, Catharina Merchante2, Anna N Stepanova1
1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Genetics and Genomics Academy, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Abstract:
Protein synthesis is an essential process for all living organisms and is tightly regulated to ensure the proper production of proteins needed for growth, development, and stress responses. As sessile organisms, plants have evolved distinct mechanisms to regulate translation, allowing them to adapt to their environment. In this review, we highlight the general translation process, discuss the translational machinery in plants, and examine cis-regulatory elements that influence translation. Additionally, we explore recent studies on how plants regulate translation in response to environmental and developmental cues.
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Transcription
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Cell Signaling in Plants
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Translational Regulation
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps