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Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

1.1K
A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
1.1K
Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:17

Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

2.5K
The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
Conjugated systems containing an even number of π-electron pairs undergo a conrotatory ring closure. For example, thermal electrocyclization of (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadiene, a conjugated diene containing two π-electron pairs, gives trans-3,4-dimethylcyclobutene.
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Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

2.9K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

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Enhanced Thermopower in Single-Fullerene Junctions via Interface Engineering.

Jingyao Ye1, Xueer Chen1, Chao Fang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & School of Electronic Science and Engineering & Institute of Artificial Intelligence & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China.

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|January 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interface engineering significantly boosts fullerene thermoelectric performance. Graphene electrodes yield the highest Seebeck coefficients in single-molecule junctions, achieving a record -61.34 μV/K for Sc2C2@C82-graphene-Sc2C2@C82 systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Fullerenes exhibit unique electronic structures making them promising for thermoelectric applications.
  • Single-molecule fullerene devices show higher thermopowers than conventional organic systems.
  • Interface engineering of fullerene-electrode contacts is crucial but experimentally challenging at the single-molecule scale.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thermopower properties of fullerene derivatives in single-molecule junctions.
  • To explore the impact of different electrode configurations (Au-Au, Au-Gr, Gr-Gr) on thermopower.
  • To establish interface engineering as a strategy for enhancing thermoelectric performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized scanning tunneling microscope break-junction (STM-BJ) techniques.
  • Fabricated and measured single-molecule junctions with three fullerene derivatives: Sc2C2@Cs(10528)-C72, Sc2C2@C3v-C82, and C2(3)-C82.
  • Employed gold (Au) and graphene (Gr) electrodes in various configurations.

Main Results:

  • The Seebeck coefficient consistently increased from Au-Au to Au-Gr to Gr-Gr junctions for all fullerene molecules studied.
  • Theoretical predictions for the observed trend were confirmed.
  • A record Seebeck coefficient of -61.34 μV/K was achieved in graphene-Sc2C2@C82-graphene single-molecule junctions.

Conclusions:

  • Interface engineering is a highly effective strategy for improving the thermoelectric performance of single-molecule devices.
  • Graphene electrodes offer superior performance compared to gold electrodes for fullerene-based thermoelectrics.
  • The study demonstrates the potential of tailored fullerene-electrode interfaces for advanced thermoelectric applications.