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Brain structural changes in COPD patients with cognitive impairment.

He Jia-Kai1, Tan Yun-Sheng2, Han Xin-Yu2

  • 1Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. hejiakai@pkuph.edu.cn.

Journal of Neurology
|January 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is linked to cognitive decline, specifically affecting executive function and attention. Neuroimaging reveals brain changes in COPD patients resembling accelerated aging.

Keywords:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCognitive impairmentGray matter atrophyMultimodal neuroimagingNeurovascular couplingWhite matter damage

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pulmonology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic condition.
  • COPD is associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment, distinct from Alzheimer's disease.
  • Cognitive deficits in COPD primarily affect executive function and attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review multimodal neuroimaging studies on cerebral alterations in COPD.
  • To characterize brain changes in COPD within the context of accelerated brain aging.
  • To explore the pathophysiology and potential interventions for COPD-related cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of evidence from multimodal neuroimaging studies.
  • Analysis of structural and microstructural brain changes.
  • Assessment of neurovascular coupling and network efficiency.

Main Results:

  • COPD patients show reduced gray matter volume in key brain regions (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, etc.).
  • White matter damage (microstructural abnormalities, hyperintensities) is prevalent.
  • Neurovascular uncoupling contributes to network inefficiency, correlating with cognitive deficits.

Conclusions:

  • COPD involves widespread brain changes indicative of accelerated aging.
  • Pathophysiology includes hypoxia, inflammation, and neurovascular dysfunction.
  • Understanding these changes offers insights for early diagnosis and intervention.