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Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions
Omar F Rahman1, Steven J Lee, William A Seeds
1From the Pacific Coast Sports Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (Dr. Rahman); Lenox Hill Hospital, New York Orthopedics, New York, NY (Dr. Lee); and the Redox Medical Group, Beverly Hills, CA (Dr. Seeds).
Summary
Therapeutic peptides show potential for orthopaedic injuries by modulating cellular pathways for tissue regeneration and recovery. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm safety and efficacy in musculoskeletal care.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic medicine
- Cellular and molecular medicine
- Regenerative medicine
Background:
- Therapeutic peptides offer novel strategies for managing orthopaedic injuries.
- They modulate key molecular signaling pathways involved in cellular repair and regeneration.
- Existing research highlights potential benefits but lacks extensive clinical validation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanistic insights of therapeutic peptides in orthopaedic injury management.
- To explore the role of specific peptides in tissue regeneration, inflammation resolution, and neuromuscular recovery.
- To emphasize the safety, efficacy, and future directions for clinical integration.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of preclinical and mechanistic studies on therapeutic peptides.
- Analysis of peptide actions on signaling pathways like PI3K/Akt, mTOR, MAPK, TGF-β, and AMPK.
- Categorization of peptides based on their primary therapeutic effects (e.g., wound healing, growth hormone secretagogues, recovery enhancers, neuroactive peptides).
Main Results:
- Wound-healing peptides (BPC-157, TB-500, GHK-Cu) promote angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling.
- Growth hormone secretagogues (ipamorelin, CJC-1295, etc.) activate IGF-1 signaling for satellite cell repair.
- Recovery-enhancing and neuroactive peptides target circadian, mitochondrial, and neurotrophic pathways.
Conclusions:
- Therapeutic peptides demonstrate significant preclinical promise for enhancing musculoskeletal repair and recovery.
- Understanding their mechanisms of action on specific cellular pathways is crucial for orthopaedic applications.
- Clinical translation requires rigorous investigation into safety and efficacy, paving the way for responsible integration into patient care.
